This rare phenomenon sees the blooming of thousands of flowers between September and November, when the winter rainfall is higher than usually expected for the desert. At a certain level capable of inducing lots of seeds and bulbs, which were dormant sometimes for years, to germinate in the spring. At the begriming of the spring the dry sand starts filling with colorful flowers.
The extraordinary flower bloom also encourages the proliferation of insects and the presence of several species of birds and lizards. The event is spread over an area of almost 200 kilometres between the south of the city of Vallenar to the north of the city of Copiapó, in both coastal areas and towards the interior sectors and the mountain range.
Climatically, the event is related to El Niño (ENSO), which involves warming of the ocean currents along the coast, leading to an increase in precipitation. This past winter (Southern Hemisphere) was particularly propitious with amounts of rain not seen for the past 20 years.
The bloom includes about 200 species of flowers, many of them endemic to the region (not present in other parts of the world). Different species of flowers predominate in coastal or inland areas toward the mountains, and they bloom sequentially between September and November.
The most abundant species are the so-called "Añañuca", "Lion Paw" and "Doquilla” (“Pata de Guanaco"), plus several cacti species that show their best during these months.
